Health care costs are, of course, a cost (and for many folks, a big one), so it's included in the index.
You're right, though, that some parts of the economy are much more sensitive to the Fed's policies than others. Interest rates have a huge effect on housing, for example, whereas oil prices are mostly driven by forces outside the Fed's control. The Fed knows this, and focuses on more interest-rate-sensitive areas when trying to see whether its policies are having an effect.
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